Ph.D. student in Quran and Hadith Sciences, Al-Zahra University; Tehran; Iran
20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4
Abstract
In recent decades, Orientalists have made many efforts in studying and examining Islamic sources. Of course, these efforts are sometimes investigative and sometimes biased, and one of their important movements is the compilation of the Leiden's Qur'an Encyclopedia. The present paper, using the descriptive-analytical method as well as Qur'anic and narrative evidence and referring to the interpretations of the Two Sects (Sunni and Shia), has reviewed the entries of the revelation types related to the prophets (PBUTH) in the Leiden's Qur'an Encyclopedia. The problems with the entry are organized in two structural and content sections. The structural problems of the entry are manifested in loss of order, and lack of connection between topics and their content. Content problems generally include: Making mistakes in understanding the words and appearance of Quranic verses, error in interpretation of verses, mistakes in reasoning and drawing conclusions from it. The author of the mentioned entry tried to question the authenticity of the revelation by bringing expressions such as: the prophetic experience of Muhammad, the ambiguity and contradictions in the verses of the Quran, the honest dream of Muhammad and presenting incorrect interpretations of the verses and relying on unreliable sources. The most important critique is about this entry
Ibn al -Mnzour, Muhammad ibn Mukarram. (1414). Lisan Al-Arab. Beirut: Dar Sadir.
Ibn Ashour, Muhammad ibn Taher. (No Date). Al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. Vol. 14. No Place.
Baghawi, Hussein ibn Massoud. (1420). Maalim al-Tanzil fi Tafsir al-Qur'an. Vol. 3. Researched by: Abdul Razzaq al-Mahdi. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
A group of writers. (No Date). Manahij al-Mustashriqin fi al-Darasat al-Arabiya al-Islamiyah. No Place, No Name.
Hakim, Mohammad Baqir. (No Date). Al-Mustaharqun wa Shubahatuhum Hawl al-Qur'an al-Karim. Beirut: The Institute of Al -Alami Press.
Khalifa, Muhammad. (No Date). Al-Istishraq wa al-Qur'an al-Azim. Vol. 1. Translated by: Marwan Abdul Sabour Shahin. Beirut: Dar al-Itisam.
Dusouqi, Mahmoud. (2001). Historical course and evaluation of Oriental thought. Tehran: Hezaran.
Raghib Al-Isfahani, Hussein ibn Muhammad. (1412). Mufradat al-Quran al-Karim. Beirut: Dar al-Ilm.
Radmanesh, Seyyed Mohammad (1999). Introduction to Quranic Sciences. Tehran: Jami Publishing.
Razi, Abu Abdullah. (1420). Mafatih al-Ghaib. Vol. 20. Third edition. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
Rezai Haftadar, Hassan and Alavi Mehr, Hussein. (2012). "Analysis and Criticism of the entry of the prophets and prophecy in the encyclopedia of the Qur'an". Journal of epistemic studies at Islamic University. Year 16. 1 pp. 141-156.
Ridwan, Omar ibn Ibrahim. (1413). Ara al-Mustashriqin hawl al-Qur'an wa Tafsirih. Vol. 1. Riyadh – Saudi Arabia: Dar Taybah.
Suyuti, Jalaluddin. (No Date). Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Qur'an. Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi. 15. Suyuti, Jalaluddin and Muhalla Jalaluddin. (1416). Tafsir Jalalain. Beirut: Al-Nour Institute of Press.
Salim al -Hajj. (2002). Naqd Khitab al-Istishraqi. Libya: Dar al -Madar al-Islami.
Soltani Rannani, Mehdi. (2008). "Investigating the Orientalist's view of the Qur'anic revelation". Quran Journal of Orientalists. 4. pp. 131-143.
Shirazimanesh, Zainab. (2012). Criticism of Rubin’s Quranic Research Views. Master of Quran and Hadith Science. Tehran Campus: Quran University and Hadith.
Tabatabai, Seyyed Mohammad Hussein. (1417). Al -Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an. Vol. 3, 19 and 20. Fifth Edition. Qom: Islamic Publishing Office.
Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hassan. (1372). Majma al-Bayan. Vol. 6 and 10. Third edition. Tehran: Naser Khosrow Publications.
Alavi Mehr, Hossein and Hassan Rezai Haftadar. (2008). "Investigating the article of the prophets and prophecy." Quran Magazine and Orientalists. No. 5. pp. 65-81.
Abduh, Muhammad. (1412). Tafsir Al-Manar. Beirut: Dar al-Marifah.
darvish,Z. (2022). Examining and criticizing the sub-entry of revelation types related to the prophets from the leiden's qur'an encyclopedia. Study of Doubts of Qquranic Researches, 3(5), 339-361. doi: 20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4
MLA
darvish,Z. . "Examining and criticizing the sub-entry of revelation types related to the prophets from the leiden's qur'an encyclopedia", Study of Doubts of Qquranic Researches, 3, 5, 2022, 339-361. doi: 20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4
HARVARD
darvish Z. (2022). 'Examining and criticizing the sub-entry of revelation types related to the prophets from the leiden's qur'an encyclopedia', Study of Doubts of Qquranic Researches, 3(5), pp. 339-361. doi: 20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4
CHICAGO
Z. darvish, "Examining and criticizing the sub-entry of revelation types related to the prophets from the leiden's qur'an encyclopedia," Study of Doubts of Qquranic Researches, 3 5 (2022): 339-361, doi: 20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4
VANCOUVER
darvish Z. Examining and criticizing the sub-entry of revelation types related to the prophets from the leiden's qur'an encyclopedia. Study of Doubts of Qquranic Researches, 2022; 3(5): 339-361. doi: 20.1001.1.27173879.1400.3.2.13.4